Q.)  Cathode rays are same for all elements, but anode rays are different for every element, why?

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Ans.1)  Cathode rays are the beam of electrons while anode rays are constituted by positive ions (cations) of the gas.

As electrons are same for all the gases/elements therefore cathode rays are same for all gases.

On the other hand cations for different gases are different therefore anode rays also differs element to element.